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• Test Effort Estimation Techniques
• Effort Estimation Techniques
• Level Of Effort Estimation Template
• Software Effort Estimation
• Software Development Effort Estimation Models

• Estimation Techniques Tutorial

• Estimation Techniques Resources

• Selected Reading

Planning Poker is a highly efficient agile planning and estimating technique which has become exceptionally well-known over recent years. It is based on a procedure known as Wideband Delphi that was made by the RAND Corporation between 1940 and 1968, the exact year unknown. Nov 10, 2017  Estimating the complexity of a task, the time needed to complete it and it’s combined risks are an inherent part of the Scrum process. Planning Poker is considered by some Scrum teams as an ideal approach for all estimations. It doesn’t matter to them if they have to estimate one big task with many subtasks, twenty average tasks or the whole plan for the next release (which might contain. Agile Estimating Tool – Planning Poker using Fibonacci Sequence. The best we can do is size up the chances, calculate the risks involved, estimate our ability to deal with them, and then make our plans with confidence – Henry Ford.

Planning Poker Estimation

Planning Poker is a consensus-based technique for estimating, mostly used to estimate effort or relative size of user stories in Scrum.

Planning Poker combines three estimation techniques − Wideband Delphi Technique, Analogous Estimation, and Estimation using WBS.

Planning Poker was first defined and named by James Grenning in 2002 and later popularized by Mike Cohn in his book 'Agile Estimating and Planning”, whose company trade marked the term.

Planning Poker Estimation Technique

In Planning Poker Estimation Technique, estimates for the user stories are derived by playing planning poker. The entire Scrum team is involved and it results in quick but reliable estimates.

• Planning Poker is played with a deck of cards. As Fibonacci sequence is used, the cards have numbers - 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, etc. These numbers represent the “Story Points”. Each estimator has a deck of cards. The numbers on the cards should be large enough to be visible to all the team members, when one of the team members holds up a card.

• One of the team members is selected as the Moderator. The moderator reads the description of the user story for which estimation is being made. If the estimators have any questions, product owner answers them.

• Each estimator privately selects a card representing his or her estimate. Cards are not shown until all the estimators have made a selection. At that time, all cards are simultaneously turned over and held up so that all team members can see each estimate.

• In the first round, it is very likely that the estimations vary. The high and low estimators explain the reason for their estimates. Care should be taken that all the discussions are meant for understanding only and nothing is to be taken personally. The moderator has to ensure the same.

• The team can discuss the story and their estimates for a few more minutes.

• The moderator can take notes on the discussion that will be helpful when the specific story is developed. After the discussion, each estimator re-estimates by again selecting a card. Cards are once again kept private until everyone has estimated, at which point they are turned over at the same time.

Repeat the process till the estimates converge to a single estimate that can be used for the story. The number of rounds of estimation may vary from one user story to another.

Benefits of Planning Poker Estimation

Planning poker combines three methods of estimation −

Expert Opinion − In expert opinion-based estimation approach, an expert is asked how long something will take or how big it will be. The expert provides an estimate relying on his or her experience or intuition or gut feel. Expert Opinion Estimation usually doesn’t take much time and is more accurate compared to some of the analytical methods.

Analogy − Analogy estimation uses comparison of user stories. The user story under estimation is compared with similar user stories implemented earlier, giving accurate results as the estimation is based on proven data.

Disaggregation − Disaggregation estimation is done by splitting a user story into smaller, easier-to-estimate user stories. The user stories to be included in a sprint are normally in the range of two to five days to develop. Hence, the user stories that possibly take longer duration need to be split into smaller use-Cases. This approach also ensures that there would be many stories that are comparable.

• Scrum Tutorial

• Scrum Useful Resources

• Selected Reading

In Scrum Projects, Estimation is done by the entire team during Sprint Planning Meeting. The objective of the Estimation would be to consider the User Stories for the Sprint by Priority and by the Ability of the team to deliver during the Time Box of the Sprint.

Product Owner ensures that the prioritized User Stories are clear, can be subjected to estimation, and they are brought to the beginning of the Product Backlog.

As the Scrum Team in total is responsible for the delivery of the product increment, care would be taken to select the User Stories for the Sprint based on the size of the Product Increment and the effort required for the same.

The size of the Product Increment is estimated in terms of User Story Points. Once the size is determined, the effort is estimated by means of the past data, i.e., effort per User Story Point called Productivity.

Scrum Estimation Techniques

The Scrum Estimation of User Stories is in terms of the degree of difficulty for each of the User Stories. To assess the degree of difficulty, a particular scale is used.

There are several types of scales that are used in Scrum Estimation. Following are some examples -

• Numeric Sizing (1 through 10)
• T-shirt Sizes (XS, S, M, L, XL XXL, XXXL)
• Fibonacci Sequence (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, etc.)
• Dog Breeds (Chihuahua,………,Great Dane)

The estimation technique is normally chosen in such a way that the entire scrum team is acquainted and comfortable with scale’s values. The most commonly used and most popular technique is Planning Poker which is based on Fibonacci sequence.

Planning Poker Technique

In Planning Poker Estimation Technique, estimates for the User Stories are derived by playing planning poker. The entire Scrum Team is involved and it results in quick but reliable estimates.

What is the best 4 slot 2 hand sword for a agi knight? - posted in Swordsman Class: the only one that i can think of is 4s katana are there anything else? 4 slot 2 handed sword ragnarok. Swords used by Swordman, Knight, and Crusader class characters. These are the same as One-Handed Swords, but obviously take up both hands instead of one. As such, you cannot wear a Shield while wielding a Two-Handed Sword. Knights generally benefit more from wielding this weapon. Nov 20, 2018  1. Adding extra card slots to equipment required 10 same equipment (total 11 equipment + the one you’re equipping!)and zeny.The 10 equipment material must be Level 0 refinement level. 2. Require to equip the equipment to add card slot. Note: Equipment refinement level, strengthen level will not decrease when you add card slot. 4 slot 2 handed sword ragnarok After the pre game bets are made, the shooter starts off the round by rolling the dice. 4 slot 2 handed sword ragnarok During Loser's Revenge you can play a game that will afford you the opportunity to win when this situation happens. If the Dealer exceeds 21 points and you remain in the round with 21 points or less, you win the round regardless of your score.

Planning Poker is played with a deck of cards. As Fibonacci sequence is used, the cards have numbers - 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, etc. These numbers represent the Story Points. Each estimator has a deck of cards. The numbers on the cards should be large enough to be visible to all the team members, when one of the team members holds up a card.

One of the team members is selected as the Moderator. Moderator reads the description of the User Story for which estimation is being made. If the estimators have any questions, Product Owner answers them.

Test Effort Estimation Techniques

Each estimator privately selects a card representing his or her estimate. Cards are not shown until all the estimators have made a selection. At that time, all cards are simultaneously turned over and held up so that all team members can see each estimate.

In the first round, it is very likely that the estimations vary. The high and low estimators explain the reason for their estimates. Care should be taken that all the discussions are meant for understanding only and nothing is to be taken personally. The moderator has to ensure the same.

The team can discuss the story and their estimates for few more minutes.

The moderator can take notes on the discussion that will be helpful when the specific story is developed. After the discussion, each estimator re-estimates by again selecting a card. Cards are once again kept private until everyone has estimated, at which point they are turned over at the same time.

Effort Estimation Techniques

Repeat the process till the estimates converges to a single estimate that can be used for the story. The number of rounds of estimation may vary from one user story to another.

Benefits of Planning Poker Estimation

Planning poker combines three methods of estimation -

Expert Opinion : In an Expert Opinion based Estimation approach, an expert is asked how long something will take or how big it will be. The expert provides an estimate relying on his or her experience or intuition or gut feel.

Expert Opinion Estimation usually doesn’t take much time and is more accurate compared to some of the analytical methods.

Level Of Effort Estimation Template

Analogy : Analogy Estimation uses comparison of User Stories. The User Story under Estimation is compared with similar User Stories implemented earlier. This results in accurate results as the estimation is based on proven data.

Disaggregation : Disaggregation Estimation is done by splitting a User Story into smaller, easier-to-estimate User Stories. The user stories to be included in a Sprint are normally in the range of two to five days to develop. Hence, the User Stories that possibly take longer duration need to be split into smaller Use Cases. This approach also ensures that there would be many stories that are comparable.

Software Effort Estimation

Conclusion

Software Development Effort Estimation Models

Planning Poker is an enjoyable, yet productive approach to estimating. As the session is open for discussions before the final estimate is arrived, it would easy for the team to come to a consensus and also have a broad view of the implementation of the User Story at hand.